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N5Lesson 17

Te-form (Basics)

๐Ÿ“š Vocabulary

ๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชžEnglishNotes
๐Ÿ”Šใ‚ใ‘ใพใ™
to openakemasu
๐Ÿ”Šใ—ใ‚ใพใ™
to closeshimemasu
๐Ÿ”Šใพใกใพใ™
to waitmachimasu
๐Ÿ”Šใคใ‹ใ„ใพใ™
to usetsukaimasu
๐Ÿ”Šใ‚‚ใฃใฆใ„ใใพใ™
to take (something)motte ikimasu
๐Ÿ”Šใ‚‚ใฃใฆใใพใ™
to bring (something)motte kimasu
๐Ÿ”Šใ™ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
to sitsuwarimasu

๐Ÿ“ Grammar

ใฆๅฝขใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซ๏ผˆๅ…ฅ้–€๏ผ‰

Te-form rules (beginner version)

Te-form is used for making requests, connecting actions, and many grammar patterns.

Patterns
๏ฝžใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„
please do ~
๏ฝžใฆใ€๏ฝžใฆใ€๏ฝžใพใ™
do X, do Y, and then do Z

ใพใ™ๅฝข โ†’ ใฆๅฝข

Converting ใพใ™-form to te-form

Basic conversion rules (simplified for N5):

Examples
๐Ÿ”Š

ใ‚ใ‘ใพใ™ โ†’ ใ‚ใ‘ใฆ

open

๐Ÿ”Š

ใ—ใ‚ใพใ™ โ†’ ใ—ใ‚ใฆ

close

๐Ÿ”Š

ใพใกใพใ™ โ†’ ใพใฃใฆ

wait

๐Ÿ”Š

ใ‹ใใพใ™ โ†’ ใ‹ใ„ใฆ

write

๐Ÿ”Š

ใฎใฟใพใ™ โ†’ ใฎใ‚“ใง

drink

ใ€œใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผˆไพ้ ผ๏ผ‰

Please do ~ (Request)

Use te-form + ใใ ใ•ใ„ to make polite requests.

Examples
๐Ÿ”Š

ใƒ‰ใ‚ข ใ‚’ ใ‚ใ‘ใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

Doa o akete kudasai.

Please open the door.

๐Ÿ’ฌ Dialogues

Requests at the office

๐Ÿ”Š
A:ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใƒ‰ใ‚ข ใ‚’ ใ‚ใ‘ใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Sumimasen, doa o akete kudasai.
Excuse me, please open the door.
๐Ÿ”Š
B:ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
Hai, akemasu.
Sure, I'll open it.
๐Ÿ”Š
A:ใ“ใฎ ใ—ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ† ใ‚’ ใ‚ˆใ‚“ใงใ€ใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผ ใ—ใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Kono shiryou o yonde, kopii shite kudasai.
Read this document and please make a copy.
๐Ÿ”Š
B:ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
Wakarimashita.
Understood.
๐Ÿ”Š
A:ใŠใกใ‚ƒ ใ‚’ ใ‚‚ใฃใฆใใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Ocha o motte kite kudasai.
Please bring some tea.
๐Ÿ”Š
B:ใฏใ„ใ€ใ™ใ ใซ ใ‚‚ใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚
Hai, sugu ni motte kimasu.
Yes, I'll bring it right away.

๐Ÿ“– My morning routine

๐Ÿ”Š

ใ‚ใ•ใ€ใ‚ใŸใ— ใฏ ๏ผ–ใ˜ ใซ ใŠใใฆใ€ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒฏใƒผ ใ‚’ ใ‚ใณใฆใ€ใ‚ใ•ใ”ใฏใ‚“ ใ‚’ ใŸในใพใ™ใ€‚ใใฎใ‚ใจใ€ใงใ‚“ใ—ใ‚ƒ ใซ ใฎใฃใฆใ€ใ‹ใ„ใ—ใ‚ƒ ใธ ใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚

Asa, watashi wa rokuji ni okite, shawaa o abite, asagohan o tabemasu. Sono ato, densha ni notte, kaisha e ikimasu.

In the morning, I wake up at 6, take a shower, and eat breakfast. After that, I ride the train and go to the office.

โœ๏ธ Exercices

Fill in the Blanks

Complete the request.

ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ ใพใฃใฆ ___ใ€‚

ใ“ใ“ ใซ ใชใพใˆ ใ‚’ ใ‹ใ„ใฆ ___ใ€‚

Convert to ใฆ-form

Convert to te-form.

ใŸในใพใ™ โ†’ ___

ใพใกใพใ™ โ†’ ___

ใฎใฟใพใ™ โ†’ ___